连带责任(即民事连带责任)是指依照法律规定或者当事人的约定,具有一定民事法律关系的两个或者两个以上当事人对其共同债务、共同民事责任或他人债务、他人的民事责任全部承担或部分承担,并能因此引起其内部债务关系的一种民事责任。它属于共同责任中的一种。
下面我们来看看jointandseveral这个词组的英文解释,选自:TheRealLifeDictionaryoftheLaw
jointandseveral
adj.referringtoadebtorajdgmentfornegligence,inwhicheachdebtor(onewhoowes)oreachjdgmentdefendant(onewhohasajdgmentagainsthim/her)isresponsible(liable)fortheentireamontofthedebtorjdgment.Ths,indraftingapromissorynoteforadebt,itisimportanttostatethatifthereismorethanonepersonowingthefndstobepaid,thedebtisjointandseveral,sincethenthepersonowedmoney(creditor,promisee)cancollecttheentireamontfromanyofthejointsignersofthenote,andnotbelimitedtoasharefromeachdebtor.Ifapartyinjredinanaccidentsesseveralpartiesforcasinghis/herdamages,thecortmayfindthatseveralpeoplewerejointlynegligentandcontribtedtothedamages.Theentirejdgmentmaybecollectedfromanyofthedefendantsfondresponsible,nlessthecortfindsdifferentamontsofnegligenceofeachdefendantcontribtedtotheinjry.Defenseattorneyssholdreqirethetrieroffact(jryorjdgesittingwithotajry)tobreakdowntheamontofnegligenceofeachdefendantandtheplaintiffifthereiscontribtorynegligence.Oftenthecortwillrefsetodoso,allowingtheplaintifftocollectfromwhicheverdefendanthasthedeeppocket(lotsofmoney),andlettingthedefendantwhopaysdemandcontribtionsfromtheotherdefendants.
简言之,连带责任可以译为:jointandseveralliability
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